diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index d27d206..bef3ba5 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -8,6 +8,15 @@ version = "2.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "320119579fcad9c21884f5c4861d16174d0e06250625266f50fe6898340abefa"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "aho-corasick"
+version = "1.1.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ddd31a130427c27518df266943a5308ed92d4b226cc639f5a8f1002816174301"
+dependencies = [
+ "memchr",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "alloc-no-stdlib"
 version = "2.0.4"
@@ -93,6 +102,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "generic-array",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "block2"
+version = "0.6.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "cdeb9d870516001442e364c5220d3574d2da8dc765554b4a617230d33fa58ef5"
+dependencies = [
+ "objc2",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "brotli"
 version = "8.0.2"
@@ -224,6 +242,17 @@ dependencies = [
  "typenum",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "ctrlc"
+version = "3.5.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e0b1fab2ae45819af2d0731d60f2afe17227ebb1a1538a236da84c93e9a60162"
+dependencies = [
+ "dispatch2",
+ "nix 0.31.2",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "deranged"
 version = "0.5.8"
@@ -244,6 +273,18 @@ dependencies = [
  "subtle",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "dispatch2"
+version = "0.3.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1e0e367e4e7da84520dedcac1901e4da967309406d1e51017ae1abfb97adbd38"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags",
+ "block2",
+ "libc",
+ "objc2",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "displaydoc"
 version = "0.2.5"
@@ -308,7 +349,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "log",
  "memchr",
- "nix",
+ "nix 0.30.1",
  "num_enum",
  "page_size",
  "parking_lot",
@@ -738,6 +779,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "lazy_static"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "bbd2bcb4c963f2ddae06a2efc7e9f3591312473c50c6685e1f298068316e66fe"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "leb128fmt"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -771,6 +818,15 @@ version = "0.4.29"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "5e5032e24019045c762d3c0f28f5b6b8bbf38563a65908389bf7978758920897"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "matchers"
+version = "0.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d1525a2a28c7f4fa0fc98bb91ae755d1e2d1505079e05539e35bc876b5d65ae9"
+dependencies = [
+ "regex-automata",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "md-5"
 version = "0.10.6"
@@ -836,6 +892,27 @@ dependencies = [
  "memoffset",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "nix"
+version = "0.31.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5d6d0705320c1e6ba1d912b5e37cf18071b6c2e9b7fa8215a1e8a7651966f5d3"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags",
+ "cfg-if",
+ "cfg_aliases",
+ "libc",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "nu-ansi-term"
+version = "0.50.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7957b9740744892f114936ab4a57b3f487491bbeafaf8083688b16841a4240e5"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "num-conv"
 version = "0.2.0"
@@ -864,6 +941,21 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "objc2"
+version = "0.6.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3a12a8ed07aefc768292f076dc3ac8c48f3781c8f2d5851dd3d98950e8c5a89f"
+dependencies = [
+ "objc2-encode",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "objc2-encode"
+version = "4.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ef25abbcd74fb2609453eb695bd2f860d389e457f67dc17cafc8b8cbc89d0c33"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "once_cell"
 version = "1.21.3"
@@ -1053,6 +1145,23 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "regex-automata"
+version = "0.4.14"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6e1dd4122fc1595e8162618945476892eefca7b88c52820e74af6262213cae8f"
+dependencies = [
+ "aho-corasick",
+ "memchr",
+ "regex-syntax",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "regex-syntax"
+version = "0.8.10"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "dc897dd8d9e8bd1ed8cdad82b5966c3e0ecae09fb1907d58efaa013543185d0a"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "reqx"
 version = "0.1.27"
@@ -1334,6 +1443,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "digest",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "sharded-slab"
+version = "0.1.7"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f40ca3c46823713e0d4209592e8d6e826aa57e928f09752619fc696c499637f6"
+dependencies = [
+ "lazy_static",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "shlex"
 version = "1.3.0"
@@ -1385,9 +1503,12 @@ name = "swfss3"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "argh",
+ "ctrlc",
  "fuser",
  "libc",
  "s3",
+ "tracing",
+ "tracing-subscriber",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1452,6 +1573,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "thread_local"
+version = "1.1.9"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f60246a4944f24f6e018aa17cdeffb7818b76356965d03b07d6a9886e8962185"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "time"
 version = "0.3.47"
@@ -1606,6 +1736,36 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "db97caf9d906fbde555dd62fa95ddba9eecfd14cb388e4f491a66d74cd5fb79a"
 dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
+ "valuable",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tracing-log"
+version = "0.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ee855f1f400bd0e5c02d150ae5de3840039a3f54b025156404e34c23c03f47c3"
+dependencies = [
+ "log",
+ "once_cell",
+ "tracing-core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tracing-subscriber"
+version = "0.3.22"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2f30143827ddab0d256fd843b7a66d164e9f271cfa0dde49142c5ca0ca291f1e"
+dependencies = [
+ "matchers",
+ "nu-ansi-term",
+ "once_cell",
+ "regex-automata",
+ "sharded-slab",
+ "smallvec",
+ "thread_local",
+ "tracing",
+ "tracing-core",
+ "tracing-log",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1691,6 +1851,12 @@ version = "1.0.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "b6c140620e7ffbb22c2dee59cafe6084a59b5ffc27a8859a5f0d494b5d52b6be"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "valuable"
+version = "0.1.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ba73ea9cf16a25df0c8caa16c51acb937d5712a8429db78a3ee29d5dcacd3a65"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "version_check"
 version = "0.9.5"
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index 5a0f69e..4c083c4 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -4,7 +4,10 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"
 
 [dependencies]
-argh = "0.1.13"
-fuser = "0.17.0"
-libc = "0.2.183"
-s3 = { version = "0.1.22", features = ["blocking", "rustls"] }
+argh = "^0"
+fuser = "^0"
+libc = "^0"
+s3 = { version = "^0", features = ["blocking", "rustls"] }
+tracing = "0.1.41"
+tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3.20", features = ["env-filter"] }
+ctrlc = "^3"
diff --git a/src/fuse_mount.rs b/src/fuse_mount.rs
index 52e2cbf..e6610c1 100644
--- a/src/fuse_mount.rs
+++ b/src/fuse_mount.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,9 @@ use std::{
     ffi::OsStr,
     io::Cursor,
     path::Path,
-    sync::{Arc, Mutex},
+    sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
+    sync::{Arc, Mutex, Once},
+    thread,
     time::{Duration, SystemTime},
 };
 
@@ -20,6 +22,22 @@ use crate::vfs::{ObjectStat, VfsError, VirtualFilesystem};
 const ROOT_INO: u64 = 1;
 const TTL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(1);
 
+static LOG_INIT: Once = Once::new();
+
+fn init_logging() {
+    LOG_INIT.call_once(|| {
+        // Opt-in via RUST_LOG, otherwise default to fuse debug logs.
+        // Example: RUST_LOG=swfss3=debug,fuser=info
+        let env_filter = tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter::try_from_default_env()
+            .unwrap_or_else(|_| tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter::new("swfss3=debug"));
+        tracing_subscriber::fmt()
+            .with_env_filter(env_filter)
+            .with_target(true)
+            .without_time()
+            .init();
+    });
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 enum NodeKind {
     Dir,
@@ -75,6 +93,27 @@ pub fn mount_bucket(
     read_write: bool,
     allow_other: bool,
 ) -> Result<(), VfsError> {
+    init_logging();
+
+    // If a previous FUSE mount crashed, the mountpoint may be left in a stale state where
+    // any access returns ENOTCONN ("Transport endpoint is not connected").
+    // Fail fast with a clear message instead of returning the raw OS error from mount2.
+    if mountpoint.exists() {
+        if let Err(e) = std::fs::read_dir(mountpoint) {
+            if e.raw_os_error() == Some(libc::ENOTCONN) {
+                return Err(VfsError::Io(std::io::Error::new(
+                    std::io::ErrorKind::Other,
+                    format!(
+                        "mountpoint {} is a stale FUSE mount (Transport endpoint is not connected). Unmount it first (e.g. `fusermount3 -u {}` or `umount -l {}`)",
+                        mountpoint.display(),
+                        mountpoint.display(),
+                        mountpoint.display()
+                    ),
+                )));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     let prefix = normalize_prefix(base_prefix);
     let fs = S3FuseFs::new(vfs, prefix, read_write);
 
@@ -95,7 +134,39 @@ pub fn mount_bucket(
         cfg.acl = fuser::SessionACL::All;
     }
 
-    fuser::mount2(fs, mountpoint, &cfg).map_err(VfsError::Io)?;
+    tracing::info!(
+        mountpoint = %mountpoint.display(),
+        prefix = %base_prefix,
+        read_write,
+        allow_other,
+        "mounting fuse filesystem"
+    );
+
+    // Run in background so we can intercept Ctrl+C and unmount cleanly.
+    let session = fuser::spawn_mount2(fs, mountpoint, &cfg).map_err(VfsError::Io)?;
+
+    let stop = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
+    {
+        let stop = Arc::clone(&stop);
+        ctrlc::set_handler(move || {
+            stop.store(true, Ordering::SeqCst);
+        })
+        .map_err(|e| VfsError::Io(std::io::Error::new(std::io::ErrorKind::Other, e)))?;
+    }
+
+    // Wait until Ctrl+C or until unmounted externally.
+    while !stop.load(Ordering::SeqCst) && !session.guard.is_finished() {
+        thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(100));
+    }
+
+    if stop.load(Ordering::SeqCst) {
+        tracing::info!("received Ctrl+C, unmounting");
+        session.umount_and_join().map_err(VfsError::Io)?;
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+
+    tracing::info!("filesystem session ended, joining");
+    session.join().map_err(VfsError::Io)?;
     Ok(())
 }
 
@@ -326,6 +397,7 @@ impl S3FuseFs {
 impl Filesystem for S3FuseFs {
     fn getattr(&self, _req: &Request, ino: INodeNo, _fh: Option<FileHandle>, reply: ReplyAttr) {
         let ino: u64 = ino.into();
+        tracing::debug!(ino, "getattr");
         let Some(node) = self.get_node(ino) else {
             reply.error(Errno::ENOENT);
             return;
@@ -351,10 +423,14 @@ impl Filesystem for S3FuseFs {
             reply.error(Errno::ENOENT);
             return;
         };
+        tracing::debug!(parent, name = %name, "lookup");
         match self.resolve_on_demand(parent, name) {
             Ok(Some(node)) => reply.entry(&TTL, &self.node_attr(&node), Generation(0)),
             Ok(None) => reply.error(Errno::ENOENT),
-            Err(_) => reply.error(Errno::EIO),
+            Err(e) => {
+                tracing::warn!(parent, name = %name, err = %e, "lookup failed");
+                reply.error(Errno::EIO)
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -367,6 +443,7 @@ impl Filesystem for S3FuseFs {
         mut reply: ReplyDirectory,
     ) {
         let ino: u64 = ino.into();
+        tracing::debug!(ino, offset, "readdir");
         let Some(node) = self.get_node(ino) else {
             reply.error(Errno::ENOENT);
             return;
@@ -380,6 +457,7 @@ impl Filesystem for S3FuseFs {
         let page = match self.vfs.list_page(&dir_prefix_key, false, None) {
             Ok(p) => p,
             Err(_) => {
+                tracing::warn!(ino, key = %dir_prefix_key, "readdir list failed");
                 reply.error(Errno::EIO);
                 return;
             }
@@ -444,6 +522,7 @@ impl Filesystem for S3FuseFs {
 
     fn open(&self, _req: &Request, ino: INodeNo, flags: OpenFlags, reply: ReplyOpen) {
         let ino: u64 = ino.into();
+        tracing::debug!(ino, flags = %format_args!("{:#x}", flags), "open");
         let Some(node) = self.get_node(ino) else {
             reply.error(Errno::ENOENT);
             return;
@@ -507,6 +586,7 @@ impl Filesystem for S3FuseFs {
         reply: ReplyData,
     ) {
         let ino: u64 = ino.into();
+        tracing::debug!(ino, offset, size, "read");
         let Some(node) = self.get_node(ino) else {
             reply.error(Errno::ENOENT);
             return;
@@ -517,7 +597,10 @@ impl Filesystem for S3FuseFs {
         };
         match self.read_object_range(&key, offset as i64, size) {
             Ok(bytes) => reply.data(&bytes),
-            Err(_) => reply.error(Errno::EIO),
+            Err(e) => {
+                tracing::warn!(ino, key = %key, offset, size, err = %e, "read failed");
+                reply.error(Errno::EIO)
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -540,6 +623,7 @@ impl Filesystem for S3FuseFs {
             reply.error(Errno::EINVAL);
             return;
         };
+        tracing::debug!(parent, name = %name, flags = %format_args!("{:#x}", flags), "create");
         let Some(parent_node) = self.get_node(parent) else {
             reply.error(Errno::ENOENT);
             return;
@@ -612,6 +696,7 @@ impl Filesystem for S3FuseFs {
             return;
         }
         let fh = fh.0;
+        tracing::debug!(fh, offset, size = data.len(), "write");
         let mut st = self.state.lock().unwrap();
         let Some(of) = st.open_files.get_mut(&fh) else {
             reply.error(Errno::EBADF);
@@ -633,6 +718,7 @@ impl Filesystem for S3FuseFs {
             return;
         }
         let fh = fh.0;
+        tracing::debug!(fh, "flush");
         let mut st = self.state.lock().unwrap();
         let Some(of) = st.open_files.get_mut(&fh) else {
             reply.error(Errno::EBADF);
@@ -651,6 +737,7 @@ impl Filesystem for S3FuseFs {
             .vfs
             .write_from_reader(&key, len, Box::new(cur), None)
         {
+            tracing::warn!(fh, key = %key, len, "flush upload failed");
             reply.error(Errno::EIO);
             return;
         }
@@ -672,6 +759,7 @@ impl Filesystem for S3FuseFs {
         _flush: bool,
         reply: ReplyEmpty,
     ) {
+        tracing::debug!(fh = fh.0, "release");
         let mut st = self.state.lock().unwrap();
         st.open_files.remove(&fh.0);
         reply.ok();
@@ -687,6 +775,7 @@ impl Filesystem for S3FuseFs {
             reply.error(Errno::EINVAL);
             return;
         };
+        tracing::debug!(parent, name = %name, "unlink");
         let Some(node) = self.lookup_child(parent, name) else {
             reply.error(Errno::ENOENT);
             return;
@@ -696,6 +785,7 @@ impl Filesystem for S3FuseFs {
             return;
         };
         if let Err(_) = self.vfs.delete(&key) {
+            tracing::warn!(parent, name = %name, key = %key, "unlink delete failed");
             reply.error(Errno::EIO);
             return;
         }
@@ -723,6 +813,7 @@ impl Filesystem for S3FuseFs {
         };
         let parent: u64 = parent.into();
         let newparent: u64 = newparent.into();
+        tracing::debug!(parent, name = %name, newparent, newname = %newname, "rename");
         let Some(node) = self.lookup_child(parent, name) else {
             reply.error(Errno::ENOENT);
             return;
@@ -747,6 +838,15 @@ impl Filesystem for S3FuseFs {
         let dst_key = join_key(&self.prefix, &new_path);
 
         if let Err(_) = self.vfs.copy(&src_key, &dst_key).and_then(|_| self.vfs.delete(&src_key)) {
+            tracing::warn!(
+                parent,
+                name = %name,
+                newparent,
+                newname = %newname,
+                src_key = %src_key,
+                dst_key = %dst_key,
+                "rename copy+delete failed"
+            );
             reply.error(Errno::EIO);
             return;
         }